Grant RM, Horton CS, Rosenthal A, Dailey P, Feinberg MB, Staprans SI; Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections.

Program Abstr 4th Conf Retrovir Oppor Infect Conf Retrovir Oppor Infect 4th 1997 Wash DC. 1997 Jan 22-26; 4th: 91 (abstract no. 146).

Gladstone Institute, San Francisco, CA.

Events that occur shortly after virus populations enter individual hosts may determine the setpoint of subsequent viremia and the rate of clinical progression. Frequent observations of plasma viral concentration after intravenous infection with SIVmac were performed to identify characteristics of primary viremia that correlate with the rate of clinical progression in 12 rhesus macaques. Plasma viral concentration was determined by either SIV bDNA (Chiron) or SIV QC-PCR. The two assays correlated well in analysis of 41 paired specimens (R(2)=0.94). Progression to simian AIDS was slower in macaques in which the decline in viremia after the peak was faster or longer lasting. Steady state viremia was less consistently with rate of clinical progression. Phlebotomy at daily intervals indicated evidence that primary viremia has more than one peak in the first 20 days after infection in some macaques. The second peak of primary viremia was higher than the first in 2/4 macaques. The presence of multiple peaks of viremia in the first 3 weeks of infection would obscure primary viral dynamics in studies using less frequent observations. The characteristics of second peaks of viremia predicted by several mathematical models of primary viremia were evaluated. Mathematical models based on exhaustion of target cells and/or the onset of effective anti-viral immune responses predict the occurrence of second peaks of primary viremia when the production of target cells is high. These models predict that the second peak would be lower than the first peak. Alternative mathematical models, assuming at least two compartments of viral replication that contribute to plasma viremia, predicted second peaks that were higher than the first depending on the relative number of target cells in the two compartments. Predictions from mathematical theories of primary viremia that can be tested in tissue culture and non-human primates will be discussed.

Publication Types:

• Meeting Abstracts

Keywords:

• Animals
• Humans
• Macaca mulatta
• Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• Simian immunodeficiency virus
• Viral Vaccines
• Viremia
• chiron

Other ID:

• 97926122

UI: 102223131

From Meeting Abstracts