Dworkin MS, Sullivan PS; International Conference on AIDS.
Int Conf AIDS. 1998; 12: 130 (abstract no. 13223).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
BACKGROUND: Bordetella bronchiseptica is a pleomorphic gram negative coccobacillus which is a common cause of respiratory tract infections in dogs and may also infect cats. Case reports of B. bronchiseptica pneumonia, septicemia, and wound infections in immunosuppressed people have been recognized. METHODS: To identify persons with culture-confirmed B. bronchiseptica infections, we searched computerized records of persons observed in over 100 medical clinics in 11 US cities from January 1990-July 1997 in the Adult and Adolescent Spectrum of HIV disease project For identified cases of B. bronchiseptica infection, we abstracted medical records to determine the nature of the illness, CD4 count at the time of the illness, outcome, concurrent bacteriologic culture isolates, and pet ownership. RESULTS: Among 41,336 persons with a median of 13 months of follow time, 9 cases of B. bronchiseptica infection were identified, with no geographic clustering. Seven cases occurred in males; median age was 33 years (range, 24-37 years). Most (5/9) had B. bronchiseptica pneumonia, 2/9 had sinusitis, 1/9 had bronchitis, and 1/9 had sinusitis and pneumonia. CD4 count at the time of diagnosis ranged from 1-207 (median, 15 cells/microliter); 7 patients recovered from the illness during which B. bronchiseptica infection was diagnosed, and 2 died during the illness. Among 6 isolates with antibiotic resistance testing available, all were resistant to cefazolin and 5/6 were resistant to ceftriaxone; all were sensitive to gentamicin, 5/5 tested were sensitive to tobramycin, and 4/4 tested were sensitive to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. For 5 patients, B. bronchiseptica was the only organism isolated from the culture sample; 4 others had co-isolates including Pneumocystis carinii, viridans Streptococcus, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus. Two of the patients reported contact with pet dogs and one with pet cats before the illness; history of contact with pets was unavailable for the remaining 6 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Bordetella bronchiseptica in HIV infected persons may cause a range of illness from mild to severe sinusitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. Most infections occurred in persons with severe immunosuppression, and half of the persons had co-pathogens in the culture sample which yielded B. bronchiseptica. No clear association with contact with dogs or cats was evident, although data on contact with animals was missing from medical records of most patients.
Publication Types:
Keywords:
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Animals
- Animals, Domestic
- Bordetella Infections
- Bordetella bronchiseptica
- Bronchitis
- Cats
- Communicable Diseases
- Dogs
- HIV
- HIV Infections
- HIV Seropositivity
- Humans
- Male
- Pneumonia
- Respiratory Tract Infections
- Sinusitis
Other ID:
UI: 102227610
From Meeting Abstracts